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Introduction: Computer System Fundamentals (Unit B)

Introduction​

This module provides students with a fundamental understanding of computer system components, architecture, and operations. Students will learn about hardware and software components, system architecture, and how computers process information. This foundation knowledge is essential for understanding how modern computing systems work and for making informed decisions about technology.

Learning Objectives​

Students will learn about:

  • Computer hardware components and their functions
  • System architecture and how components interact
  • Operating systems and their role in computer operation
  • Input/output processes and data flow
  • Storage systems and memory management
  • System performance and optimization

Module Structure​

This unit covers the essential components of computer systems:

πŸ–₯️ Hardware Components​

  • Central Processing Unit (CPU)
  • Memory systems (RAM, ROM, cache)
  • Storage devices (HDD, SSD, optical)
  • Input/output devices
  • Motherboard and system buses

πŸ’Ύ System Architecture​

  • Von Neumann architecture
  • System buses and data paths
  • Memory hierarchy
  • Processing units and cores
  • System performance factors

πŸ”§ Operating Systems​

  • OS functions and services
  • Process management
  • Memory management
  • File systems
  • User interfaces

⚑ System Performance​

  • Performance metrics
  • Bottlenecks and optimization
  • System monitoring
  • Troubleshooting techniques

Key Concepts​

Computer Architecture​

  • CPU: Central processing unit and its components
  • Memory: Different types and their purposes
  • Storage: Primary and secondary storage systems
  • I/O: Input/output operations and devices

System Operations​

  • Boot process: How computers start up
  • Process execution: How programs run
  • Data flow: How information moves through systems
  • Resource management: How systems allocate resources

Practical Skills​

By the end of this module, students will be able to:

  • Identify computer components and their functions
  • Understand system architecture and component interactions
  • Analyze system performance and identify bottlenecks
  • Troubleshoot common issues in computer systems
  • Make informed decisions about hardware and software

Assessment Focus​

This module emphasizes:

  • Understanding of computer system components
  • Analysis of system architecture and performance
  • Application of knowledge to real-world scenarios
  • Problem-solving skills in system troubleshooting
  • Evaluation of system requirements and performance

Getting Started​

To begin your journey through this module:

  1. Review the learning objectives to understand what you'll achieve
  2. Explore hardware components and their functions
  3. Study system architecture and component interactions
  4. Practice troubleshooting common system issues
  5. Apply knowledge to real-world computer systems

This module provides the foundation for understanding how computer systems work. The knowledge gained here will be essential for all other ICT modules and for making informed decisions about technology.

Source/Reference: ICT Curriculum and Assessment Guide - Education Bureau, Hong Kong